Flashcard · Salivary Gland Disorders

What is viral parotitis, and what is its commonest cause?

Answer

Viral parotitis is most commonly mumps (a paramyxovirus), causing unilateral or bilateral parotid swelling, usually in children, which resolves spontaneously. Complications include orchitis, pancreatitis, and meningoencephalitis.

Clinical relevance. Recognising mumps as self-limiting, with its systemic complications, guides supportive care and counselling.

More Detail

Viral parotitis (mumps)

Mumps is the commonest viral infection of the salivary glands.

Features

Caused by a paramyxovirus (mumps virus).
Unilateral or bilateral parotid swelling, commonly in children.
Resolves spontaneously; treatment is supportive (analgesia, hydration).

Complications

Orchitis (can cause infertility), pancreatitis, and meningoencephalitis.

Prevention

Prevented by the MMR vaccine.