What roles do FSH and LH play in gametogenesis in males and females?

In males: FSH acts on Sertoli cells to support spermatogenesis, and LH acts on Leydig cells to produce testosterone (which also drives sperm production).

In females: FSH stimulates follicular (and oocyte) development, and the LH surge triggers ovulation and supports the corpus luteum. So FSH and LH from the pituitary control gametogenesis in both sexes.

Clinical relevance. Knowing FSH/LH roles in both sexes underpins the understanding of gametogenesis, hormone testing, and treatments like gonadotrophin therapy.

More Detail

FSH and LH in gametogenesis

The same pituitary gonadotrophins control gametogenesis in both sexes, with analogous roles.

In males

• FSH - acts on Sertoli cells to support and nourish spermatogenesis (and produce inhibin/androgen-binding protein).
• LH - acts on Leydig cells to produce testosterone, which is also essential for spermatogenesis and male characteristics.

In females

• FSH - stimulates follicular development (and thus oocyte maturation) and oestrogen production.
• LH - the LH surge triggers ovulation; LH supports the corpus luteum (progesterone).

Common theme

• The hypothalamic-pituitary axis (GnRH -> FSH/LH) controls gametogenesis and sex-hormone production in both sexes, with feedback from sex hormones and inhibin.